Data is information in a form suitable for use with a computer. Data is often distinguished from programs. A program is a sequence of instructions that detail a task for the computer to perform. wikipedia.org

MATLAB (matrix laboratory) is a numerical computing environment and fourth-generation programming language. MATLAB allows matrix manipulations, plotting of functions and data, implementation of algorithms, creation of user interfaces, and interfacing with programs written in other languages. wikipedia.org

Python is a general-purpose, high-level programming language whose design philosophy emphasizes code readability. Python claims to combine "remarkable power with very clear syntax", and its standard library is large and comprehensive. wikipedia.org

Machine learning, a branch of artificial intelligence, is a scientific discipline concerned with the design and development of algorithms that allow computers to evolve behaviors based on empirical data, such as from sensor data or databases.

R is a programming language and software environment for statistical computing and graphics. The R language is widely used among statisticians for developing statistical software, and R is widely used for statistical software development and data analysis. wikipedia.org

A deep neural network (DNN) is an artificial neural network (ANN) with multiple hidden layers of units between the input and output layers. wikipedia.org

The foreign exchange market is a global, worldwide-decentralized financial market for trading currencies. wikipedia.org

Artificial intelligence (AI) is the intelligence of machines and the branch of computer science that aims to create it. wikipedia.org

Econometrics has been defined as the application of mathematics and statistical methods to economic data and described as the branch of economics that aims to give empirical content to economic relations. wikipedia.org

The use of statistical and mathematical techniques to analyze data. wikipedia.org