3D modeling (also known as meshing) is the process of developing a mathematical representation of any three-dimensional surface of object (either inanimate or living) via specialized software. wikipedia.org

Adobe Photoshop is a graphics editing program developed and published by Adobe Systems Incorporated. wikipedia.org

Autodesk Maya, commonly shortened to Maya, is 3D computer graphics software that runs on Microsoft Windows, Mac OS and Linux. wikipedia.org

CINEMA 4D is a 3D modeling, animation and rendering application developed by MAXON Computer GmbH of Friedrichsdorf, Germany. It is capable of procedural and polygonal/subd modeling, animating, lighting, texturing, rendering, and common features found in 3d modelling applications. wikipedia.org

3D rendering is the 3D computer graphics process of automatically converting 3D wire frame models into 2D images with 3D photorealistic effects on a computer. wikipedia.org

ZBrush is a digital sculpting tool that combines 3D/2.5D modeling, texturing and painting. It uses a proprietary "pixol" technology (see below) which stores lighting, color, material, and depth information for all objects on the screen. wikipedia.org

Mudbox is a computer-based 3D sculpting and painting tool. Currently developed by Autodesk, Mudbox's primary application is high-res digital sculpting, texture painting, and displacement and normal map creation, though it's also used as a design tool. wikipedia.org

UVLayout is a stand-alone application for the creation and editing of UV coordinates for 3D polymeshes and subdivision surfaces. It uses a unique approach that developer Headus claims to produce high quality low distortion UVs in significantly less time than they would by traditional methods.

3D printing is a phrase used to describe the process of creating three dimensional objects from digital file using a materials printer, in a manner similar to printing images on paper. wikipedia.org

Substance Painter is a 3D painting software allowing users to texture, render and share their work.

Character creation (also character generation or character design) is the process of defining a game character or other character. Typically, a character's individual strengths and weaknesses are represented by a set of statistics. Games with a largely fictional setting may include traits such as