HyperText Markup Language (HTML) is the main markup language for web pages. HTML elements are the basic building-blocks of webpages. wikipedia.org

JavaScript is a prototype-based scripting language that is dynamic, weakly typed and has first-class functions. It is a multi-paradigm language, supporting object-oriented, imperative, and functional programming styles. wikipedia.org

"TypeScript is a free and open source programming language developed and maintained by Microsoft. It is a strict superset of JavaScript, and adds optional static typing and class-based object-oriented programming to the language. Anders Hejlsberg, lead architect of C# and creator of Delphi and Turbo Pascal, has worked on the development of TypeScript." wikipedia.org

jQuery is a cross-browser JavaScript library designed to simplify the client-side scripting of HTML. Its syntax is designed to make it easier to navigate a document, select DOM elements, create animations, handle events, and develop Ajax applications. wikipedia.org

MySQL is a relational database management system (RDBMS) that runs as a server providing multi-user access to a number of databases. wikipedia.org

PostgreSQL, often simply Postgres, is an object-relational database management system (ORDBMS) available for many platforms including Linux, FreeBSD, Solaris, Microsoft Windows and Mac OS X. wikipedia.org

Python is a general-purpose, high-level programming language whose design philosophy emphasizes code readability. Python claims to combine "remarkable power with very clear syntax", and its standard library is large and comprehensive. wikipedia.org

Java is a programming language and a core component of Oracle Corporation's Java Platform. The language derives much of its syntax from C and C++ but has a simpler object model and fewer low-level facilities. wikipedia.org