Python is a general-purpose, high-level programming language whose design philosophy emphasizes code readability. Python claims to combine "remarkable power with very clear syntax", and its standard library is large and comprehensive. wikipedia.org

Machine learning, a branch of artificial intelligence, is a scientific discipline concerned with the design and development of algorithms that allow computers to evolve behaviors based on empirical data, such as from sensor data or databases.

ArcGIS is a suite consisting of a group of geographic information system (GIS) software products produced by Esri. wikipedia.org

PostGIS is an open source software program that adds support for geographic objects to the PostgreSQL object-relational database.

A geographic information system is a system designed to capture, store, manipulate, analyze, manage, and present all types of geographically referenced data. wikipedia.org

Geospatial analysis is an approach to applying statistical analysis and other informational techniques to data which has a geographical or geospatial aspect. wikipedia.org

Automation or automatic control, is the use of various control systems for operating equipment such as machinery, processes in factories, boilers and heat treating ovens, switching in telephone networks, steering and stabilization of ships, aircraft and other applications with minimal or reduced human intervention. wikipedia.org

Digital mapping (also called digital cartography) is the process by which a collection of data is compiled and formatted into a virtual image. wikipedia.org

ERDAS IMAGINE is a remote sensing application with raster graphics editor capabilities designed for geospatial applications. It is aimed primarily at geospatial raster data processing and allows the user to prepare, display and enhance digital images for mapping use in GIS or in CADD software. wikipedia.org

Analysis of data is a process of inspecting, cleaning, transforming, and modeling data with the goal of highlighting useful information, suggesting conclusions, and supporting decision making. wikipedia.org

QGIS is a cross-platform free and open-source desktop geographic information systems (GIS) application that provides data viewing, editing, and analysis capabilities.

Remote sensing is the acquisition of information about an object or phenomenon without making physical contact with the object and thus in contrast to in situ observation. wikipedia.org