Java is a programming language and a core component of Oracle Corporation's Java Platform. The language derives much of its syntax from C and C++ but has a simpler object model and fewer low-level facilities. wikipedia.org

JDBC is a Java-based data access technology (Java Standard Edition platform) from Sun Microsystems, Inc.. It is not an acronym as it is unofficially referred to as Java Database Connectivity.

Hibernate is an object-relational mapping (ORM) library for the Java language, providing a framework for mapping an object-oriented domain model to a traditional relational database.

MySQL is a relational database management system (RDBMS) that runs as a server providing multi-user access to a number of databases. wikipedia.org

Structured Query Language (SQL) is a programming language designed for managing data in relational database management systems (RDBMS). wikipedia.org