React is an open-source JavaScript library for creating user interfaces that aims to address challenges encountered in developing single-page applications. wikipedia.org

"TypeScript is a free and open source programming language developed and maintained by Microsoft. It is a strict superset of JavaScript, and adds optional static typing and class-based object-oriented programming to the language. Anders Hejlsberg, lead architect of C# and creator of Delphi and Turbo Pascal, has worked on the development of TypeScript." wikipedia.org

HTML5 is a language for structuring and presenting content for the World Wide Web, and is a core technology of the Internet originally proposed by Opera Software. It is the fifth revision of the HTML standard. wikipedia.org

Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a style sheet language used to describe the presentation (that is, the look and formatting) of a document written in a markup language. wikipedia.org

Node.js is a software system designed for writing highly-scalable internet applications, notably web servers. Programs are written in JavaScript, using event-driven, asynchronous I/O to minimize overhead and maximize scalability. wikipedia.org

MySQL is a relational database management system (RDBMS) that runs as a server providing multi-user access to a number of databases. wikipedia.org

The front end is responsible for collecting input in various forms from the user and processing it to conform to a specification the back end can use. The front end is an interface between the user and the back end. wikipedia.org

Web development is a broad term for the work involved in developing a web site for the Internet (World Wide Web) or an intranet (a private network).