Top 50+ Shopify Development companies

We are IP Movers Part of the Swedish Business Group Mavshack AB listed on the Nasdaq First North Exchange in Stockholm. We have Long standing relationships with clients from Europe, the Middle East and the Philippines. Our Developers available with across all the latest technologies. ***What We Do*** Website Design & Branding We offer concept development, web design, graphic design and UX/UI-design. Web & App development Expertise with several different CMS , can setup fully functional e-commerce sites within days along with developing web apps and native apps in iOS and Android. Cloud Services We work with the latest techniques using Amazon and Google cloud services. Project Management Technical advisory as well as project management services from start to finish at your disposal. Payments Experience integrating with most payment systems like Stripe, Paypal, Bambora as well as billing integration with various Telecoms across the globe. SVOD & Video Streaming Core competencies on Video and SVOD development, Audio / Video in part of our DNA - years of experience in building and operating efficient Video platforms. We are open for all sized businesses. Whether you’re trying to win work, list your services, create your brand, create online/offline application software or even create a whole online store – we can help! We are experienced in HTML, PHP, React Native, Adobe CC, C# .net, ASP.Net, Laravel, Codeignator, Cakephp, MySQL, MongoDB, Android, Apple, Flutter, Java, C++, Python, Wordpress, AWS, Azure and CSS 3, PHP, jQuery, WordpPess and SEO.

Hello everyone, welcome to my profile thanks for your interest, I am Amr, with 4 years of experience in marketing and certified from Udacity as a professional Digital Marketer (Media Buyer Expert) and MBA holder, How I can help you? 1- Make an Integrated marketing plan 2-Manage and create Digital Advertising Ads (Google _Facebook _instgram _ Tiktok _ Snapchat _ Twitter_ Linkedin) 3-target your right customers 4- campaign performance analysis 5_ Tracking complete ( pixels - tags )

We are a community of Finance freelancers from different backgrounds having exposure of working in over 10 countries including US, UK, UAE, Singapore, India etc. We work together as a unit where the members are assigned work according to their expertise and prior work experience so that we can deliver the best quality work to our clients. Our members’ experience includes working in MNC to Accountancy Firms across different countries and educations qualification includes Chartered Accountants, MBAs, Bachelors & Masters in Commerce degree. At present we are a team of over 10 members and we aspire to grow and become the largest Finance freelancer community of the world. At present we have : Exposure of over 15 Accounting softwares including QB, Xero, Oracle Netsuite, JDE Oracle, Odoo, Wave etc. Well versed with all the functionalities of finance including P2P, O2C and GL. Experience of data migration from one accounting software to another. Good understanding of finance platforms including Amazon, Shopify, Bill.com, Gusto, Stripe, Payoneer etc. Understanding of Manufacturing, Trading, Service and Real Estate Industries. Work we do 1. Bookkeeping & Accounting. 2. Monthly Cash flow & Financial preparation. 3. MIS Reporting. 4. Payroll management. 5. AR & AP management. 6. Budgeting & Forecasting. 7. Designing & Building Accounting framework to provide better business insights. 8. Data migration and ERP implementation. 9. Data Analytics

We provide virtual assistant services and solutions to businesses, entrepreneurs and even different organization and corporations who do not have space/equipment/funds/desire/need to hire an employee full-time or need any assistant regarding his business growth ,enhancement of sale ,better project dealing We provide expert services for Market Places Like Amazon, eBay, Etsy And Shopify, We have the team expert in Social Media Marketing, Website Development and many more. Our services are specially engineered to be one-stop shopping and include Administrative, Transcription, Marketing, Website Edits and Development, Graphic Design, Social Media Marketing, Search Engine Optimization, Copywriting, WordPress/Web Design and much more. For a complete list of the broad ways we can serve your business. Our Services Includes: • Amazon FBA Private Label • Amazon FBA Wholesale Expert • Amazon Account Suspension Reinstatement • PPC Campaign Management • eBay Account Management • eBay Account Suspension Reinstatement • Walmart Account Management • Company Creation (LLC/LTD) • Digital Marketing • SEO (Search Engine Optimization) • Business Operation Verification • Social Media Marketing • WordPress Website Creation & Development • Shopify Store Development • Email Marketing • Affiliate Marketing • Trademark Application Registration

Proper Source was launched in 2019 by Founder RAISUL and Co-Founder SAM, Proper Source LLC is a global information technology, cloud hosting, web development, digital marketing, consulting, and outsourcing company. Headquartered in Jessore, Bangladesh, (Sub office location in Maryland, USA) and has its international presence in the USA, UK, Canada, Australia, Europe, Singapore, Bangladesh, and more. We have pioneered ourselves in providing end-to-end solutions and services in the areas of information technology, cloud hosting, web development, digital marketing, consulting, and outsourcing in various segments of industry like advertising, education, financial/banking, healthcare, life sciences, hotel/hospitality, media and entertainment, mobile and wireless, retail, real estate, transportation, sports and fitness, technology, HVAC, non-profit and more. Our team of talented, dynamic, and young professionals is capable of providing high-end quality solutions to our clients with the right blend of technology, domain knowledge, and effective methodology. Proper Source team is made up of award-winning marketers, designers, and developers, and we know what it takes to get real results online. We also keep the focus on the metrics that mean the most, as leads and revenue generated. We provide small to large size companies with a variety of IT Services. We provide these services at a reasonable price but with an extraordinarily high label of expertise.

𝟵𝗦𝗹𝗲𝗲𝗸 𝗜𝗧 𝗦𝗼𝗹𝘂𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝘀 𝗟𝗟𝗖 has been a Shopify Partner since 2015, providing various services to help businesses succeed on the platform. 👨‍👨‍👦‍👦 Our team is experienced in 𝗖𝗼𝗽𝘆𝘄𝗿𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗻𝗴 & 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗻𝘁 𝗪𝗿𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗻𝗴, 𝗙𝘂𝗹𝗹 𝗦𝗘𝗢 𝗦𝗲𝗿𝘃𝗶𝗰𝗲𝘀, 𝗣𝗮𝗶𝗱 𝗔𝗱𝘀, 𝗦𝗵𝗼𝗽𝗶𝗳𝘆 𝗦𝘁𝗼𝗿𝗲 𝗦𝗲𝘁𝘂𝗽 𝘁𝗼 𝗟𝗮𝘂𝗻𝗰𝗵, 𝗖𝘂𝘀𝘁𝗼𝗺 𝗧𝗵𝗲𝗺𝗲 𝗗𝗲𝘃𝗲𝗹𝗼𝗽𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁, 𝗧𝗵𝗲𝗺𝗲 𝗖𝘂𝘀𝘁𝗼𝗺𝗶𝘇𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻/𝗙𝗶𝘅𝗲𝘀, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗦𝘁𝗼𝗿𝗲 𝗦𝗽𝗲𝗲𝗱 𝗢𝗽𝘁𝗶𝗺𝗶𝘇𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻. 👉We understand the ins and outs of the Shopify Platform and can help you get your store up and running smoothly. 👉Once your store is set up, we can help you with marketing and sales efforts to drive traffic and increase conversions. 👉If you run into any issues with your store, our team is here to help with development and troubleshooting. 👉In addition, we offer content writing and SEO services to ensure that your website is optimized for search engines and that your products are accurately described. 👉Finally, our social media marketing experts can help you reach and engage with customers on platforms like Facebook, Instagram, and Pinterest. 🤝 𝗟𝗲𝘁 𝘂𝘀 𝗵𝗲𝗹𝗽 𝘆𝗼𝘂 𝘀𝘂𝗰𝗰𝗲𝗲𝗱 𝘄𝗶𝘁𝗵 𝗦𝗵𝗼𝗽𝗶𝗳𝘆!

We are Web Coder Pro Agency. We are Professional Web developers & Online Marketing specialists. ∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞ Experts in WordPress, Wix WooCommerce, and Shopify. ∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞ Facebook Ads, Google Ads & Email Marketing Expert. ∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞ Completed over 40 projects for 30+ clients. OUR client must be satisfied before the job is considered complete! It is OUR mission to earn the best feedback from our clients. you have come to the right place if you want to grow your business on a small marketing budget. It is our goal to help you grow your business. ∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞ Among the Websites, we can design is. ∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞ ✅ Web For Agency/Business ✅ E-Commerce Site / Online Store ✅ Game/Product/Landing page ✅ Online Dropshipping ✅ Web Portfolio/Personal/Business ✅ Page/Funnel for sales ✅ Online news/magazine/blog ✅ Agents/Real Estate ✅ Doctors/Appointment Page ✅ School/College/University (Education Website) ✅ Event/Forum ✅ Membership website ✅ Informational website ✅ Nonprofit website ✅ Many More. ∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞ What can we do for you? ∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞ ✅ Development of WordPress websites ✅ Developing Shopify websites ✅ Website development for dropshipping ✅ Design of sales funnel landing pages ✅ Duplicate or clone any website ✅ Mobile-friendly ✅ Dropshipping Store ✅ Shop & Landing Page Design ✅ Under Maintenance or Coming Soon ✅ Multi-vendor Website ✅ Web Site errors fixed ✅ Multilingual website ✅ SEO on Page ✅ Figma, PSD, XD TO WordPress, Shopify, Wix ✅ Using Mailchimp Automation & Integrations ✅ Protection from hacking ✅ Support for e-commerce ✅ Creating winning dropshipping products ✅ Optimize the web for 90+ ✅ Design a modern Wix website ✅ Responsive on mobile, tabs, and desktop ✅ Upgrade your WIX website ✅ Product Photo Edits ✅ Pixel Setup Facebook Ads ∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞ ✅ Setup Facebook Ads/ Business Manager Account ✅ Page Roles Setup ✅ Instagram / Whatsapp Connect ✅ Research Custom Audience ✅ Facebook Pixel installation & Set up WordPress, Shopify, Wix, and Others ✅ Setup Camping ✅ Get started with Automated Ads ✅ Get more messages ✅ Boost an Instagram post ✅ Get More WhatsApp Messages ✅ Get more website visitors ✅ Get more website purchases ✅ Promote your Page ✅ Get more leads ✅ Business Ads Account Fixing. Google Ads ∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞ ✅ Google Ads goal & camping set up ✅ Keyword Research ✅ Display Network campaign ✅ Ad copy creation ✅ Search Network campaign ✅ Shopping campaign ✅ Video campaign ✅ App campaign ✅ Tracking Performance ✅ Youtube Video Ads ✅ Local SEO (GMB). Email Marketing ∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞ ✅ Get a Mailchimp ✅ Email Campaign ✅ Email Templates Design ✅ Create Signup forms ✅ Create Embedded forms ✅ Create a Subscriber pop-up forms ✅ Create a Contact Form ✅ Form integrations ✅ Woocommerce / eCommerce automation ✅ Website Integrations. WordPress, Wix, Google Ads, and Mailchimp Official Certified. ∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞ Have A Good Day. MD SR Russell.

We are VICDIGIT Technologies, the best IT company , providing technological solutions with a touch of creativity. We provide Software development, App development, Web development, SEO ,Web design, Social media, PPC, E-mail marketing, Web hosting and Content writing services to large and small businesses that are looking to grow their business more efficiently. We have the best management team with a strong base. We are the best in providing innovative business solutions for your ventures. Our skilled professionals have reached the heights of perfection in their work with their firmness and devotion towards the work. Our core values, Cost-Effective, Goals oriented Design, Customized Solutions, Reliability, Integrity, Fast Delivery, Dedicated Point of Contact, Organized Team The bottom line is, we provide trusted results in oriented services at the best price in the market. Our customers are happy because we put them ahead before us.

Professional Website Design and Development Services. WaseerHost has been providing quality web design and development services since 2017. Our extensive expertise and IT outsourcing experience and absolute client-centric approach ensure maximum client satisfaction. Enjoying a knowledge-rich base, WaseerHost is in a unique position to bring to life innovative solutions to a diverse range of clients. We are experts in creating HTML, PHP, WordPress, Shopify, Wix, and Squarespace websites besides also offering application development (IOS, ANDROID) and Web Hosting services (Web Hosting, Domain names, VPS Servers, Dedicated Server ANd Server Management). By choosing WaseerHost Services for your IT outsourcing, you not only get reduced maintenance costs but also a timely release of the project thus maximizing your investment return. Good customer service is key for us, and no project is completed until you are satisfied.

Greetings! Are you finding someone for pure development with agile methodology, reusable and clean code, and secure Website? Then you are at right profile :) We are a team of 15+ passionate web design, development and SEO professionals who focus on bringing a change in your online web presence. We work closely with our clients to find the heart of their message and communicate it to their target audiences in an exciting and efficient manner. We have completed 150+ website projects over the last decade. That experience and expertise have allowed me to create engaging, modern, user-friendly websites, cohesive to each client's brand and that display beautifully on any device. ✔️Our Expertise in These platforms: 1. WordPress ( Theme Developments, Plugin Developments ) 2. Shopify 3. Drupal (version 7/8/9) 4. Expression Engine 5. Codignator 6. Advance PHP 7. Rest API 8. jQuery / JavaScript 9. PSD to HTML 10. CSS3 / Bootstrap/Material Design / SASS / LESS 11. React JS 12. Web Designing 13. On-Page / Off-Page SEO 14. WooCommerce 15. MailChimp Integration 16. Digital Marketing/ Influencer Marketing 17. We are experts to manage any kind of Webinar Like StealthSeminar, GoWebinar, WebinarJam. 18. We are experts to manage any kind of ThirdParty online CMS like ClickFunnel, Wix, GoogleBlogger, instanda.us. 19. Email Templates 20. QA & Testings 21. Mobile App Development 22. 3CX and other sip based contact center 23. Speed Optimization 24. Site Accessible Compliance ( Section 508, WCAG 2.0 (Level A), WCAG 2.0 (Level AA), WCAG 2.0 (Level AAA) ) ✔️We are serving our web services for those industries: 1. Business Site 2. Dating Site 3. Blogging Site 4. Online selling site 5. B2B Selling site 6. Marketplace for any product business 7. Car industries 8. Oil Industries 9. Any kind of small & local business 10. Food Industries 11. Job portal 12. AMS System 13. Student Management System 14. Membership Site 15. Email Marketing Campaign 16. Government Industries 17. Social Health and Wealth Industries 18. Properties Industries 19. Directory Submission 20. Boat Industries Simply put: We maintain our quality which makes us unique Let's Talk about your issues, We are always here to help you, Thank you!

Amazon * Product Hunting or Product Research * Product Launching * Listing Creation * Listing Optimization * Brand Building * Shipment Creation * Inventory Management * Order fulfillment Management * PPC Ad Campaign setup * PPC Campaign Management Shopify Web-designing and development * Shopify Store Creation * Website Designing * Premium Theme Designing * Shopify Developer * Shopify SEO * Shopify Marketing Graphic Designing * Logo Designing * Banner Designing * Social Media Post Designing * Facebook Ads photo designing * CV & Resume Designing * Cover Letter Designing * Brochure Designing

We are WebMap, a website development company. Our team consists of experienced and professional web developers, who specialize in • Website Development • Shopify Solutions • WordPress Solutions • Logo Design • Corporate Branding • Communication • Website Maintenance • Support Services We are committed to providing our clients with the highest level of service and satisfaction. Our team of dedicated developers are experienced in all aspects of website development, from logo design and corporate branding to communication and marketing. We have a strong focus on quality, efficiency, and customer service. We strive to create websites that are both visually appealing and functionally efficient. Our team takes the time to understand each client’s individual needs and requirements and develops a website solution to meet those needs. We also provide ongoing website maintenance and support, ensuring the website remains up-to-date and optimally functioning. At WebMap, we believe that customer satisfaction is the key to success. We strive to provide our clients with the best possible customer service, and take the time to understand and meet their individual needs. We are committed to providing our clients with the highest quality of service and the best possible website solutions. Writing: Website content Marketing content Press releases SEO friendly blogs Scientific and academic writing Critical analysis and summaries Motivation letters

MindVision is an multinational marketing agency that has providing services with excellency. We have served 150+ customers and completed 1000+ projects in the world wide. What services we are offering: • Graphic Designing(Logo, Branding, Packaging and Label Design) • WordPress Website Development • Shopify Website Development • Digital Marketing Why we? • 100% satisfaction guarantee • Money back guarantee • Unlimited revisions until your satisfaction • Fast response • Fast delivery We can help you to bring your company or brand to the real life. Feel free to contact us for any question. Thanks! Best Regards MindVision

Codepaper is a leading custom software development and website development agency based in Toronto. With a team of experienced developers, designers, and project managers, we have the skills and resources to deliver high-quality software solutions and websites that meet the unique needs of our clients. Our agency excels in a variety of areas, including: - Custom software & App development: We have extensive experience in a wide range of technologies, including PHP (Laravel, .NET), Node.js, Vue.js, React, MySQL, API development (Rest, GraphQL), Flutter (IOS & Android) and DevOps. We can help you design and develop robust, scalable, and maintainable software solutions that meet your business and technical requirements. - Website development: Whether you need a simple brochure website or a complex eCommerce platform, we have the expertise to bring your vision to life. We offer a range of website development services, including design, development, and hosting, to help you build an effective online presence. - Product design(UX/UI): Our product design team combines creativity and technical expertise to craft visually appealing and functional products that meet your unique needs. From concept development to prototyping to final production, we can help you bring your ideas to life. -Start-up MVP build and Consultation: If you are a start-up looking to build an MVP, we can help you develop a strategic roadmap, create a detailed project plan, and advise on the best technologies and practices to use. We have extensive experience working with start-ups to help them launch their MVPs and bring their ideas to market. In addition to our technical capabilities, we are known for our strong problem-solving skills, attention to detail, and ability to deliver high-quality solutions on time and in Budget.

Are you tired of struggling to grow your business in a male-dominated market? Looking for a partner who understands the unique challenges you face? Look no further than Rosenmond, the agency that's shaking things up for women in business!💡👩‍💼💻 Our vision is to help Fempreneurs revolutionize the way they succeed in the world of business. At Rosenmond, we know running and growing a business is no easy feat, but we're here to help you every step of the way. Our comprehensive suite of services includes web design, branding & design, e-commerce, marketing, and consulting, all tailored to meet your specific needs. We'll take care of everything digital, so you can focus on what you do best: running your business. 🔧🚀 But what really sets us apart? We don't just provide services; we provide transformation! With years of experience helping female-based brands reach their full potential, our team also consists of Fempreneurs that have been in your shoes and who understand the challenges you face. Working with us means experiencing a complete transformation of your business. You'll see increased traffic, higher conversion rates, and ultimately, more revenue. 👩‍💻📈💰 But our transformational approach doesn't stop there! 🔥👀 We are 100% convinced that aesthetic, authentic and consistent branding is the foundation of a successful business. Our holistic approach ensures every aspect of your business is aligned with your brand message and values. We start by getting to know you and your business personally, developing a comprehensive branding strategy that encompasses everything from your website design to your social media presence. Our approach is ongoing, working with you to continually elevate and refine your brand as your business grows and evolves. Partnering with Rosenmond means not only growing your business but also transforming your life. Picture yourself as a successful Fempreneur, breaking through the barriers of a male-dominated market with a thriving business that reflects your unique vision and values. Let's make that vision a reality together! 🌟👑 Ready for a complete transformation? 💥💼🎉 Join Rosenmond, the go-to partner for Fempreneurs looking to take their businesses to the next level. Let's take your business to new heights together! 🚀

Greetings, At our cutting-edge software development firm, we strive to empower IT professionals with an array of unparalleled advantages. By pouring passion and dedication into every project, we endeavor to propel our clients to new heights of success. Our highly-skilled, committed, and proficient team boasts expertise across diverse domains, ensuring exceptional results tailored to your unique needs. With our unwavering commitment to excellence and professionalism, we guarantee that our services will provide outstanding value for your investment. Our areas of specialization include: - Advanced Web Design: Utilizing HTML, CSS, JavaScript, jQuery, ReactJS, and AngularJS to create visually stunning, highly functional websites. - Comprehensive Web Development: Harnessing the power of PHP, Laravel, Codeigniter, NodeJS, AdonisJS, and SailsJS to develop robust, scalable, and efficient web applications. - Content Management Systems (CMS): Expertly crafting user-friendly, customizable, and easily maintainable websites with WordPress, Shopify, and Wix. - Mobile App Development: Designing and developing high-performance, user-centric mobile applications for both iOS and Android platforms. - Database Management: Implementing and managing seamless, secure, and scalable data solutions using MySQL, MongoDB, and Firebase. - Digital Marketing & SEO: Crafting strategic, data-driven marketing campaigns that enhance brand visibility, drive traffic, and generate leads, as well as implementing cutting-edge SEO techniques to optimize search engine rankings and maximize online presence. With this comprehensive suite of services, we aim to be your one-stop solution for all your software development and digital marketing needs, delivering outstanding results and exceeding your expectations.

Hello, If you are looking for someone to help you manage your business, you can ask me! I am a multitasks person with Renewable Energy and Web developper background. I started to be on my own to assist people in their daily life as it was something I had always wanted to do so I learned everything related to a virtual tasks associated with my other skills. Actually, I can provide accurate and efficient support to help you manage your business successfully and make your life easier with those experiences: - Email management - Social Media Management - Community Management - Content uploader ( Elementor et UX) - Customer service - Light bookkeeping - Communication support - Website management : integration (image, link, article...), product upload - Data management : research, data entry, upload... - Transcription (voice, image, video) - Graphic designer (Photoshop and canvas) - Schedule planning (zoom, meet) So please feel free to ask me about other tasks you need that are not listed below as I am a self-taught person and a quick learner and believe that there is always room for improvment in everything. Thanks!

Specialize in UI/UX, web, and graphic design. I know what your project should look like to function properly and have the best usability. I focus on creating emotional connections and online experiences between users and products or services. I create designs for sites, landing pages, emails, logos, corporate designs, mobile app designs (in strict accordance with platform-specific design guidelines). Clear naming and layering of design sources will make any developer happy. Skilled with Adobe products (Adobe Photoshop, Adobe Illustrator). Basically, I use Figma and Adobe XD to create apps and web design.

• 16 years in the Sales, Marketing and Customer Service. • Worked with Bank of America, American Express, DirecTV, Sprint and Nextel, Orange (Everything Everywhere) and AIG Life Insurance. • SaaS, WordPress, Tilda, Canva, Amazon, Shopify, eBay, Groupon, Zendesk, Zoho, Salesforce, HubSpot, Desk.com, Citrix, RingCentral expert. • Expert with Websites, Sales, Marketing, Customer Service, SEO, Recruitment, Data Science, Logistics, Real Estate, Insurance, Financial Services, Technical support, Personnel Management and a lot more. • Adept with both American and British accent and culture.

At Axonary, we don’t just “do marketing.” We engineer smart, scalable systems that help businesses get more leads, more sales, and more peace of mind. Founded by Hamza Rehman, a seasoned digital marketing strategist with over a decade of experience across the US, UK, and GCC markets, Axonary was built to bridge the gap between creative storytelling and performance that actually converts. We specialize in: Performance Marketing (Meta, Google, TikTok Ads) SEO – From on-page to technical and local Social Media Strategy & Content Creation E-commerce Growth Campaigns Lead Generation for Service-Based Businesses eBook Services – Proofreading & Editing, eBook Formatting, and Professional Cover Design Web Design & Development – WordPress, Webflow, Squarespace, Shopify, and custom landing pages that load fast and convert better Whether you’re a small business ready to scale or an established brand tired of wasting money on guesswork — we bring strategy, structure, and results that speak louder than words. Small budgets welcome. Smart execution guaranteed.